Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Analysis of Acacia nilotica

This paper aimed at investigating the chemical constituents in Acacia nilotica that make it a unique plant remedy to spectrum of gastrointestinal ailments. To realize thi quest, fruits and leaves samples of the plant were collected, washed, and then dried under ambient laboratory temperature. Further, the samples were crushed and ground to powder substances separately. 80% of aqueous ethanol was used to extract the bioactive compounds of each sample for phytochemical analysis. The results of the analyses indicated presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Carbohydrates, Polyphenols, Sterols, and Saponins in both samples. Furthermore, antimicrobial analyses of the extracts were conducted to establish their efficacy on some selected gastrointestinal bacteria species. From the analyses, it was observed that A. nilotica fruit extracts had demonstrated tremendous sweep against the sampled bacteria species more than the leaves extract as observed from their zones of inhibition. From the results of the analyses, some recommendations were given.